Low lethal temperatures of the fishes Liza Macrolepis (Smith) and Tilapia Mossambica Peters

Fry and Associates have made notable contributions in the field of temperature tolerance and resistance of fishes. While the high lethal levels of temperature of the group have been much explored there is more to be known about, their low temperature deaths

Oxygen consumption in the mullet Liza macrolepis with special reference to swimming velocity

Oxygen consumption of tagged (plastic opercular tag) and untagged mullet L/z~ macrolepis (SMrrK), forced to swim up to 22 cm/sec (fish size: t0 era), increased proportionately to increase in swimming velocity above 5 era/see. The tag did not appear to cause any marked metabolic disturbance. The mean routine metabolic rate and the rate at 5 cm/sec were higher than the rates obtained for several higher levels of forced activity, possibly due to excitement and inefficient swimming at lower swimming speeds, as suggested by earlier workers. The interpretation of the elevation of a line drawn through the mean rates of metabolism at various swimming speeds, in relation to the standard metabolic rate, may be of value in quantitative expression of excitability of individual species

Physiological Studies in Relation to Fisheries

Studies on the physiological mechanisms and responses of fishes, which are closely linked with their ecology, have a significant role to play in fisheries development inasmuch as optimum survival of fishes is desirable and planned both in the capture and culture fisheries. While knowledge of the influence of various environmental factors on fishes are of direct value in formulating improved methods of fish culture, information on those responses of fishes which lead to their concentrations in fishable waters are of immense use in evolving more efficient methods of capture. Even though fish and prawn culture in India have existed for centuries the empirical knowledge gained so far can be perfected, j as pointed out elsewhere, only by acquiring a fuller understanding of the physiology of the I animals concerned

Observations on the Indian mackerel, Rastrelliger canagurta (Cuvier) from the trawl catches along the Bombay coast

Referring to the distribution of the Indian mackerel, Panikkar and Jayaraman (1956) mention that there is a distinct and unmistakable gap in the distribution of the major fisheries to the north of Ratnagiri and that north of this place shoals of mackerel are not known, but the species is widely distributed having been found in the Persian Gulf and the Bay of Bengal and stray specimens have also been taken in the trawls operated off Kathiawar. That the mackerel met with in the offshore catches are of importance is known from the statement that "a full picture of the distribution will depend on the location of the spawning grounds and the discovery whether there is any deep sea mackerel existing in offshore regions of the coast" (Panikkar, 1949). Mackerel in small numbers have been recorded on many occasions from the catches of the trawlers fishing along the Bombay coast. In one instance a dense shoal of mackerel was also encountered while the vessel M.F.V. 'Jheenga' was trawling about 32 kilometres off Bombay at depth of 35 metres, when about half a ton of mackerel was caught in a single haul. An attempt is made here to summarise the observations made on the catches of mackerel from trawlers working along the Bombay coast. The common occurrence of mackerel, though usually in small numbers, in the trawl catches prompts one to infer that the fish may at least occasionally move to the deeper waters

Influence of Phlogopite on the Physico-Mechanical Properties of a Porcelain

This research was conducted in order to obtain the optimum composition of phlogopite and sintering temperature of phlogopite in order to get the robust structure of porcelain. Clay, feldspar, quartz, and phlogopite were first sieved, mixed and compacted. Then, the samples were sintered at 1000°C to 1300°C. It is observed that the properties of the porcelain are highly depend on the composition of phlogopite and the sintering temperature of porcelain. Results showed that 10 wt% of phlogopite was the optimum composition and 1200°C was the optimum sintering temperature. The microstructure of the samples were analyzed by using two microscopes and it was evidenced that the pore in the samples were smaller and the structure are denser thus lead to a dense porcelain structure and improves the physical and mechanical properties of the porcelain

Nitrooxyethylation Reverses the Healing-Suppressant Effect of Ibuprofen

Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs like ibuprofen impede tissue repair by virtue of retarding inflammation. The present study was undertaken to explore if linking of nitrooxyethyl ester to ibuprofen reverses its healing-depressant propensity. Nitrooxyethyl ester of ibuprofen (NOE-Ibu) was synthesized in our laboratory through a well-established synthetic pathway. NOE-Ibu was screened for its influence on collagenation, wound contraction and epithelialization phases of healing, and scar size of healed wound in three wound models, namely, incision, dead space, and excision wounds. Besides, its influence on the oxidative stress (levels of GSH and TBARS) was also determined in 10-day-old granulation tissue. NOE-Ibu was further screened for its antiinflammatory activity in rat paw edema model. NOE-Ibu promoted collagenation (increase in breaking strength, granulation weight, and collagen content), wound contraction and epithelialization phases of healing. NOE-Ibu also showed a significant antioxidant effect in 10-day-old granulation tissue as compared to ibuprofen. Results vindicate that the esterification of ibuprofen with nitrooxyethyl group reverses the healing-suppressant effect of ibuprofen. The compound also showed equipotent antiinflammatory activity as ibuprofen

A note on the biology of the ‘Koth’, Otolithoides brunneus (Day)

While the importance of the ' Koth' as a trawl fishery of considerable importance in the Bombay Coast has been shown by Jayaraman et al. (1956) and Rao (1967), accounts on the biology of the species are lacking except for some observations on the scales and otoliths for age determination by Kutty (1961) and a few notes included in the studies on its fishery, cited above. With a view to a fuller understanding of the biology of the ' Koth' investigations on this fish occurring along the Bombay coast were made during the years 1958-1961, a summary of the results of which is presented in the present note

Scales and otoliths of the 'Koth'Otolithoides brunneus (Day)as age indicators

Growth rings on the scales and otoliths of 'Koth' have been recorded by Karandikar and Thakur (1951). Mention of growth checks on the scales of this fish and their probable utility in -age determination has also been made by Seshappa (unpublished). Studies on the scales and otoliths of 'Koth' from the local 'dol' net catches landed at Bombay and the catches of the trawlers working along the Bombay coast were begun by the author in February 1958 with a view to assess their value in age determination of the fish. Material for the present study was also collected subsequently from the gill-net catches at Bedi in the Gulf of Kutch